將4*4*4的LED光立方分層4層，分別由單片機(jī)的P1.0，P1.1，P1.2，P1.3，四個(gè)口來(lái)控制每一層，且給低電平有效，再有P0口和P1的總共16個(gè)口來(lái)控制16列，給高電平有效，P0和P1口加上位排阻，再給每一列加三極管放大，三極管的基極接單片機(jī)的P0和P1口，集電極接5V電源，發(fā)射極接每一列。這樣就可以通過(guò)控制每個(gè)口的輸出信號(hào)來(lái)控制每個(gè)的亮滅。

• 2復(fù)位電路
  

     通過(guò)某種方式，是單片機(jī)內(nèi)部各類寄存器的值變?yōu)槌鍪聽顟B(tài)的操作稱為復(fù)位。單片機(jī)的復(fù)位是通過(guò)外部電路來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，復(fù)位引腳RET通過(guò)一個(gè)施密特觸發(fā)器與復(fù)位電路相連接，施密特觸發(fā)器用作噪聲抑制，偉哥機(jī)器周期的S5P2時(shí)刻，復(fù)位電路采樣一次施密特輸出電平，獲得內(nèi)部復(fù)位操作所需要的信號(hào)。單片機(jī)的時(shí)鐘電路正常工作后，CPU在RET/VPD引腳上連續(xù)采集到兩個(gè)機(jī)器周期的高電平后就可以完成復(fù)位操作了，但實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)，復(fù)位電平的脈沖寬度一般大于1ms。復(fù)位電路通常采用上電復(fù)位、手動(dòng)按鍵復(fù)位和看門狗復(fù)位三種方式，本次采用的是上電復(fù)位方式。

    單片機(jī)的各個(gè)功能部件的運(yùn)行都是是時(shí)鐘控制信號(hào)為基準(zhǔn)，一拍一拍的工作。因此時(shí)鐘頻率直接影響單片機(jī)的速度，時(shí)鐘電路的質(zhì)量也直接影響單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。常用的時(shí)鐘電路設(shè)計(jì)為內(nèi)部時(shí)鐘方式，單片機(jī)內(nèi)部有一個(gè)由反向放大器構(gòu)成的震蕩電路，芯片上的XTAL1和XTAL2分別為震蕩電路的輸入和輸出端。只要在這兩個(gè)引腳上接一個(gè)石英晶體振蕩器和兩個(gè)微調(diào)電容就構(gòu)成內(nèi)部方式的振蕩器電路，有振蕩器產(chǎn)生自激振蕩，便構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的震蕩信號(hào)發(fā)生器。

一般選用石英晶體振蕩器。此電路在加電大約延遲10ms后振蕩器起振，在XTAL2引腳產(chǎn)生幅度為3V左右的正弦波時(shí)鐘信號(hào)，其振蕩頻率主要由石英晶振的頻率確定。電路中兩個(gè)電容C1、C2的作用有兩個(gè)：一是幫助振蕩器起振；二是對(duì)振蕩器的頻率進(jìn)行微調(diào)。本系統(tǒng)的C1、C2的值為33pf。

單片機(jī)在工作時(shí)，有內(nèi)部振蕩器產(chǎn)生或由外直接輸入的送至內(nèi)部控制邏輯單元的時(shí)鐘信號(hào)的周期稱為時(shí)鐘周期。其大小是時(shí)鐘信號(hào)頻率的倒數(shù)，f表示。圖2中的時(shí)鐘頻率為12MHz，即f=12MHz，則時(shí)鐘周期為1/12us。

附注: 三極管可以不接，只是會(huì)影響光源亮度。

光立方三、四層：

單片機(jī)源程序如下:

1. #include<reg51.h>
   
2. #define uchar unsigned char
   
3. void delay100ms(uchar data1ms)
   
4. {uchar i,j,m;
   
5.    for(i=0;i<data1ms;i++)
   
6.      for(j=0;j<110;j++)
   
7.                  for(m=0;m<100;m++)
   
8.                    ;
   
9. }
   
10. void disp(uchar ceng,uchar lie1,uchar lie2 )
    
11. {
    
12.   delay100ms(7);
    
13. P1=ceng;
    
14. P2=lie1;
    
15. P0=lie2;
    
16. 
    
17. 
    
18. }
    
19. 
    
20. 
    
21. void main(void)
    
22. {unsigned char hang,shu1;
    
23. 
    
24. unsigned char code C1[][16]={
    
25. {0x07,0x0B,0x0D,0x0E,0x0E,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00},
    
26. {0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C},
    
27. {0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E,0x0E},
    
28. {0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
    
29. {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x0E,0x0F,0x0E,0x0C,0x08,0x00},
    
30. {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0D,0x0D,0x0D,0x05,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x0D,0x0D,0x0D,0x05},
    
31. {0x09,0x09,0x09,0x00,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09},
    
32. {0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x09}
    
33. };
    
34.   unsigned char code L1[][16]={
    
35. {0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x96,0x96,0x96,0x96,0x96},
    
36. {0x96,0x96,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC},
    
37. {0x01,0x03,0x07,0x0F,0x8E,0x8C,0x88,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x30,0x70,0x70,0x60},
    
38. {0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0xCC,0x0F,0x33,0x66,0xCC,0xF0,0x33,0x66,0xCC},
    
39. {0x66,0x33,0xF0,0xCC,0x66,0x33,0xF0,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60},
    
40. {0xE8,0x74,0x32,0x11,0x00,0x06,0x66,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x66,0x60,0x60},
    
41. {0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x60,0x62,0x60,0x30,0x10,0x80,0xC0},
    
42. {0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x64,0x60,0x30,0x10}
    
43. //  {0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//列掃描
    
44.      };
    
45. 
    
46.   unsigned char code L2[][16]={
    
47.   {0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x69,0x69,0x69,0x69,0x69},
    
48.   {0x69,0x69,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33},
    
49.   {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x88,0xC8,0xE8,0xF0,0x71,0x31,0x11,0x10,0x04,0x06},
    
50.   {0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x33,0xF0,0xCC,0x66,0x33,0x0F,0xCC,0x66,0x33},
    
51.   {0x66,0xCC,0x0F,0x33,0x66,0xCC,0x0F,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06},
    
52.   {0x8E,0x47,0x23,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x66,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x06},
    
53.   {0x06,0x66,0x60,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x06,0x66,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x08},
    
54.   {0x04,0x64,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x03,0x01}
    
55. //  {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10}
    
56.   };
    
57. while(1)
    
58. {
    
59. for(hang=0;hang<8;hang++)
    
60. {for(shu1=0;shu1<16;shu1++)
    
61. disp(C1[hang][shu1],L1[hang][shu1],L2[hang][shu1]);
    
62. }
    
63. // for(hang=0;hang<1;hang++)
    
64. //  {
    
65. // for(shu1=0;shu1<16;shu1++)
    
66. //  {shu2=0;
    
67. //  disp(C1[shu2][shu2],L1[hang][shu1],L2[hang][shu1]);
    
68. //   }
    
69. //   }
    
70.     }
    
71.      }

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444光立方電路圖及程序.doc (1.4 MB, 下載次數(shù): 24)

2018-6-7 21:47 上傳

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